机械通气的应用虽然提高了早产儿的存活率，但也增加了支气管肺发育不良和不良神经发育结局的风险。近 年来，双水平正压通气（BiPAP）作为一种较新的无创通气模式，越来越多的应用于早产儿的呼吸支持。由于BiPAP交替提 供两个压力水平，且两个压力相均允许自主呼吸，因此能更好的改善气体交换，提高氧合，在早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征和呼 吸暂停等疾病中的作用优于持续气道正压通气（CPAP）。文章阐述BiPAP的工作原理，评价其在早产儿呼吸支持中的应用， 为临床推广使用提供依据。

Although mechanical ventilation improves the survival rate of preterm infants, it also increases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. In recent years, biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation (BiPAP) is a new non-invasive ventilation mode and has been applied more and more to the respiratory support of premature infants. Since BiPAP provides two pressure levels alternately and two pressure phases allow breathing autonomously, it is better to improve gas exchange and improve oxygenation and thus is better than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and apnea. This article describes the working principle of BiPAP and its application in respiratory support of premature infants, so as to provide evidence for its promotion and wide application in clinic.