体外膜肺氧合技术是一种能够在较长时间内进行心肺支持的体外生命支持技术。该文分别对国内外体外膜肺氧合技术在临床应用情况进行介绍，并对制约体外膜肺氧合技术在国内儿童重症医学领域开展的因素进行分析。希望中国儿科体外膜肺氧合技术加快开展，促进儿童重症医学技术体系的建设和完善。

　Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an extracorporeal life support technology that can provide cardiopulmonary support for a long time. In this article, the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric critical care medicine in domestically and abroad is introduced, and the factors of restricting domestic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology development are also analyzed. It is expected that the article can improve extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology in pediatrics and promote the building and development of medical technology system in pediatric critical care medicine in China.