Abstract: 　Objective　To investigate the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) among the very low birth weight infant with peripheral inserted central venous catheter (PICC) and the factors related to the occurrence of CRBSI. Methods The clinical data of very low birth weight infants admitted to our NICU and receiving PICC between January 2012 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of PICC catheter-related blood stream infection was 32/5028 (6.36/1000). The results of pathogens detection indicated that coagulase-negative staphylococcus was predominant, accounting for 46.9% (15/32), and gram-negative bacteria and candida parapsilosis were also relatively common. Drug-resistance was found in all bacteria, but not in fungi. The premature infants with a gestational age less than 28 weeks (27.9%) had a significantly higher incidence of CRBSI than that in premature infants with gestational ages between 28 and 32 weeks (9.9%) and more than 32 weeks (2.4%) (P<0.05). Compared with premature infants with birth weight of 1000 g or more, the incidence of CRBSI were significantly higher in premature infants with birth weight less than 1000 g (19.2% vs. 8.6%, P<0.05). The incidence of CRBSI was significantly lower in infants with PICC indwelling time less than 20 days (2%) than that in infants with PICC indwelling time of 20-30 days (20.9%) and more than 30 days (15.3%) (P<0.05). Conclusions In very low birth weight infants with PICC, CRBSI is often caused by the conditioned pathogens, in which drug-resistant bacteria were common. The risk factors related to CRBSI were gestational age, birth weight and the indwelling time of PICC.