Abstract: 　Objective　To evaluate the value and safety of flexible bronchoscopy in etiological diagnosis and treatment of hemoptysis in children. Methods The flexible bronchoscopy findings and clinical data of 22 children with hemoptysis were analyzed retrospectively. Results The causes of hemoptysis were as follows, bronchiolitis and pneumonia in 8 cases (2 cases with bronchiectasis), foreign body in bronchus in 3 cases , idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in 3 cases, neoplasms in airway in 2 cases, suspi-ciion of bronchial pulmonary vessel dysplasia in 4 cases (requiring angiogram) and unknown causes in 2 cases. Two cases suffered hypoxemia. Active bleeding was found in 6 cases and topical hemostasis treatment was effective. The bronchial foreign body was removed from right lower lobe bronchus in 3 cases. One case with atelectasis caused by granulation was treated with bronchoscopic cryotherapy 2 times, no granulation was found during the third bronchoscopy and chest CT showed the atelectasis was cured 2 weeks later. Conclusions Flexible bronchoscopy is one of the necessary and safe examinations in children with hemoptysis and is of important value in clinical diagnosis and treatment.