Abstract: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the severe gastrointestinal emergencies with high mortality in neonatal period. Studies suggested that sepsis from NEC were associated with higher mortality in NEC. Therefore, it is important to explore the related factors and prevention measures of NEC and improve the prognosis of children with NEC. In recent years, studies have shown that the risk factors of sepsis in NEC included prematurity, low birth weight, long time of total parenteral nutrition supports and long duration of antibiotic exposure. The main pathogen of sepsis was gram-negative bacilli. Probiotics, glutamine and lactoferrin supplementation may reduce the incidence and severity of NEC, and may help further reduce the risk of gut-derived sepsis.