Although mechanical ventilation improves the survival rate of preterm infants, it also increases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. In recent years, biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation (BiPAP) is a new non-invasive ventilation mode and has been applied more and more to the respiratory support of premature infants. Since BiPAP provides two pressure levels alternately and two pressure phases allow breathing autonomously, it is better to improve gas exchange and improve oxygenation and thus is better than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and apnea. This article describes the working principle of BiPAP and its application in respiratory support of premature infants, so as to provide evidence for its promotion and wide application in clinic.