Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease and could have airway inflammation, reversible airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene repression and play a major regulating role in the development and progression of asthma. This review summarizes the current understanding of miRNAs in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. Furthermore, miRNAs are also shown to be targets for asthma therapy in the future.