Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is a rare pathological type of nephropathy in childhood. The clinical manifestations are nephrotic syndrome or asymptomatic proteinuria, often accompanied by microscopic hematuria, azotemia or hypertension. The pathological features are glomerular basement membrane thickening with or without spike formation and deposits of granular IgG and complement C 3 along the glomerular capillary loops. In recent years, the incidence of PMN in children has increased, but the pathogenesis of PMN in children is still unclear, and there is no uniform therapeutic protocol. This article summarizes the research status of PMN in recent years.