Objective To investigate the characteristics of visual evoked potentials (VEP) in children with MOG-IgG associated disorders (MOGAD) in the acute phase.Methods The clinical data of children admitted from May 2018 to February 2020 who were clinically diagnosed with central nervous system idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS-IIDDs) were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into different groups according to the results of serum MOG-antibody detection and whether the optic nerve was involved clinically. The characteristics of VEP between different groups were analyzed.Results Among 67 children with CNS-IIDDS, 29 (43.3%) were in the MOG antibody positive group, and 15 (51.7%) had optic neuritis. There were 38 (56.7%) children in the MOG antibody negative group, and 19 (50.0%) had optic neuritis. The VEP test was examined on both eyes of all children, including 58 eyes in the MOG antibody positive group and 76 eyes in the MOG antibody negative group, obtaining VEP results of 134 eyes in total. Among the 66 eyes in the non-optic neuritis group, the abnormal rate of VEP in the MOG antibody positive group (14/28, 50.0%) was significantly higher than that in the MOG antibody negative group (9/38, 23.7%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the 68 eyes of the optic neuritis group, the proportion of blindness and severe vision impairment in the MOG antibody positive group was higher than that in the MOG antibody seronegative group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In 58 eyes of MOG antibody positive group, there was significant difference in the abnormal rate of VEP between groups with different MOG antibody titer (P<0.05). The abnormal rate of VEP increased with the increase of MOG antibody titer.Conclusions VEP can effectively detect subclinical lesions of optic nerve in MOGAD. The probability of visual pathway damage may be higher under the conditions of high MOG antibody titers.