Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an extracorporeal life support technology that can provide cardiopulmonary support for a long time. In this article, the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric critical care medicine in domestically and abroad is introduced, and the factors of restricting domestic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology development are also analyzed. It is expected that the article can improve extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology in pediatrics and promote the building and development of medical technology system in pediatric critical care medicine in China.