Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) is one of common pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia in children. In recent years, the incidence of MP pneumonia (MPP) shows a trend of increasing. The report of severe refractory MPP was more and more. Glucocorticoids has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and restraining immune response pharmacological effects and is the most effective anti-inflammatory drug currently. In this paper, pathogenesis of the lower respiratory infection by MP and the therapeutic effects of glucocorticoid were reviewed.