The childhood acute pancreatitis usually has a good prognosis, but it may be life-threatening in a few serious cases. Therefore, when children have acute abdominal pain, the pancreatitis should always be paid attention to, and appropriate treatments should be started promptly. However, the etiologies of childhood acute pancreatitis are not entirely consistent with adults, and the children cannot clearly articulate their histories of the diseases, the missed or delayed diagnosis often occurs. It is necessary to investigate the etiologies, so that the appropriate treatments will be administered. This paper will review the etiologies of childhood acute pancreatitis.