Pediatric patients usually require intravenous infusion maintenance fluid. Currently, maintenance fluid with 1/5 tension, 1/2 tension, and isotonic contraction were commonly used and fluid with 1/5 tension and even with no tension is still commonly used. In recent years, a large number of high quality randomized controlled trials and meta analyses showed that compared with the traditional low tension maintenance fluid, 1/2 tension or isotonic maintenance fluid can effectively reduce the incidence of acute hyponatremia and the adverse reactions such as hypernatremia while hypernatremia were not caused. A number of national guidelines also recommend the use of 1/2 tension or isotonic contraction as a standard for maintaining liquid. In this paper, the present status and recent progress in the use of intravenous maintenance fluid in pediatric patients were reviewed.