Objective　To investigate the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of membrane proliferative glome-rulonephritis (MPGN) transitioned from endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (EnPGN). Methods  The clinical data and the results of pathological examination of one case of MPGN transitioned from EnPGN were retrospectively analyzed. Results The child was presented with proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and persistent low level of complement C3. The type of renal pathology was transitioned from EnPGN to MPGN. Complete remission was achieved in this child with the treatment of oral prednisolone and tacrolimus, but the level of plasma complement C3 remained low. Conclusions  The type of renal pathology in children with persistent low level of complement C3 could make a transition, and the early diagnosis, timely and effective treatment are important.