我国5个地区人乳中脂肪酸成分的分析

临床儿科杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 48-54.

我国5个地区人乳中脂肪酸成分的分析

陈爱菊^1* 张伟利¹ 蒋明华¹ 何稼敏¹ 吴圣楣¹ 黄启泰² 郑敏²

1. 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院　上海市儿科医学研究所（上海　200092）；
2. 圣元营养食品有限公司　北京营养研究院（北京　101101）

收稿日期:2013-02-23 出版日期:2014-01-15 发布日期:2014-01-15

Fatty acid compositions of human breast milk in five regions of China　CHEN Aiju¹, ZHANG Weili¹, JIANG Minghua¹, HE Jiamin¹, WU Shengmei¹, HUANG Qitai², ZHENG Min² (1.Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; 2.Beijing Nutrition Institute, Shengyuan Nutritional Food Co., Ltd, Beijing 101101, China)

Received:2013-02-23 Online:2014-01-15 Published:2014-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

　目的　了解我国不同地区人乳脂肪酸成分的最新数据。方法　选择上海、重庆、长春、广州和呼和浩特共156名健康足月分娩妇女，连续采集产后第1~7天和第42天的乳汁，采用石英毛细管柱气相色谱法测定人乳中的脂肪酸成分。结果　人乳中总脂肪酸（TFA）含量从产后第1~7天至第42天逐渐增加，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；上海42 d人乳中TFA含量较高（34.96 g/L），广州较低（29.72 g/L）。人乳中饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量在产后第1~7天逐渐增加，而第42天则有所降低，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；呼和浩特42 d人乳中SFA百分含量较高（37.43%），长春较低（32.80%）。单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）百分含量在重庆42 d人乳中较高（44.06%），长春较低（32.57%）；油酸（C18:1 n-9）是人乳中含量最高的MUFA，重庆42 d人乳中油酸的百分含量较高（39.97%）。亚油酸（LA）百分含量在长春42 d人乳中较高（30.82%），重庆较低（18.40%）；α-亚麻酸（ALA）百分含量在长春42 d人乳中也较高（2.12%），广州较低（0.79%）；二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）百分含量在上海和广州42 d人乳中较高（均为0.41%），呼和浩特较低（0.19%）；花生四烯酸（AA）百分含量在广州42 d人乳中含量较高。结论　我国不同地区人乳中的脂肪酸成分有较大差别。

Abstract: 　Objective　To update the data of the fatty acid compositions in human milk from different regions of China. Methods A total of 156 healthy postpartum lactating women, who all deliver full-term infants were selected from five cities which were Shanghai, Chongqing, Changchun, Guangzhou and Hohhot. The human milk samples of postnatal day 1 to 7 and postnatal day 42 were collected successively from every participants. The fatty acid compositions of human milk were analyzed by high-resolution capillary gas chromatography. Results The total fatty acid (TFA) content in human milk was significantly increased from postnantal day 1 to 7 and postnantal day 42 (P<0.01). TFA content was higher in human milk on postnatal day 42 of Shanghai (34.96g/L), but lower in Guangzhou (29.72g/L). The saturated fatty acid (SFA) was significantly increased in human milk from postnatal day 1 to 7 and decreased on postnatal day 42 (P<0.05). The percentage of SFA in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Hohhot (37.43%), but lower in Changchun (32.80%). The percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Chongqing (44.06%), but lower in Changchun (32.57%). Oleic acid (C18:1n-9) was one kind of MUFA with highest level in human milk. The percentage of oleic acid in human mild was higher on postnatal day 42 in Chongqing (39.97%). The percentage of linoleic acid (LA) in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Changchun (30.82%), but lower in Chongqing (18.40%). The percentage of α-linolenic acid (ALA) in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Changchun (2.12%), but lower in Guangzhou (0.79%). The percentage of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Shanghai and Guangzhou (both were 0.41%), but lower in Hohhot (0.19%). The percentage of arachidonic acid (AA) in human milk was higher on postnatal day 42 in Guangzhou. Conclusions The study showed that the fatty acid compositions of human milk were significantly different in different regions of China.

陈爱菊张伟利蒋明华何稼敏吴圣楣黄启泰郑敏. 我国5个地区人乳中脂肪酸成分的分析[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2014, 32(1): 48-54.

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