不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育特征研究

临床儿科杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 326-329.

不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育特征研究

陈强¹, 彭仰华², 徐文娟³, 曾彩霞¹, 姜振风¹, 周翔¹, 陈红¹

1.珠海市妇幼保健院儿童心理行为科（广东珠海　519001）；2.中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼系（广东广州　510080）；3.珠海市妇幼保健院产科（广东珠海　519001）

收稿日期:2013-11-11 出版日期:2014-04-15 发布日期:2014-04-15

Research on developmental characteristics of autistic children with different functional levels　

CHEN Qiang¹, PENG Yanghua², XU Wenjuan³, ZENG Caixia¹, JIANG Zhenfeng¹, ZHOU Xiang¹, CHEN Hong¹

(1.Department of Child Psychological Behavior, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health's Hospital, Zhuhai 519001, Guangdong, China; 2.Faculty of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; 3.Department of Obstetrics, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health's Hospital, Zhuhai 519001, Guangdong, China)

Received:2013-11-11 Online:2014-04-15 Published:2014-04-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

　目的　探索不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育特征及差异。方法　159例13~71月龄的孤独症儿童（高功能孤独症儿童85例，低功能孤独症儿童74例），采用修订版心理教育评定量表（PEP-R）中的功能发展量表，测评及分析其能力发育水平。结果　同一年龄段内，不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育均存在明显不均衡，差异有统计学意义（H=41.68~113.51，P<0.01），高功能孤独症儿童以认知理解障碍最突出，认知理解与认知表达发育不协调，而大肌肉发育基本正常；低功能孤独症儿童能力发育全方面落后，其中以模仿、认知理解及认知表达障碍最突出。随着年龄的增长，高功能孤独症儿童在模仿、知觉、认知理解、认知表达及总体发育商有逐步上升的趋势，差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）；低功能孤独症儿童在认知理解及总体发育商上则有逐步下降的趋势，差异也有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。结论　孤独症儿童能力发育进展和次序存在异常；随着年龄增长，不同功能孤独症儿童的能力发育趋势存在明显差异。

Abstract: 　Objective　To explore the developmental characteristics of different functional levels of autism and the diffe-rence in children. Methods A total of 159 autistic children aged 13-71 months including 85 high-functioning autistic (HFA) children and 74 low-functioning autistic (LFA) children were evaluated for their developmental characteristics by the development scales from the psycho-educational profile-revised (PEP-R). Results Within the same age group, both HFA and LFA children had obvious unbalance in individual ability development (H=41.68~113.51, P<0.01). Impaired cognitive performance is most common in HFA children. The development of cognitive performance was inconsistent with cognitive expression while the gross motor development was normal. The ability development in LFA children were all impaired, especially in imitation, cognitive performance and cognitive expression. With increasing age, the scores of imitation, perception, cognitive performance, cognitive expression and overall development quotient were increased gradually in HFA children (P<0.05) while the scores of cognitive performance and overall development quotient were decreased in LFA children. Conclusions Autistic children tend to have abnormal developmental progress and order, and individual ability development varies by functional level in autistic children with increasing age.

陈强, 彭仰华, 徐文娟, 曾彩霞, 姜振风, 周翔, 陈红. 不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育特征研究[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2014, 32(4): 326-329.

CHEN Qiang,PENG Yanghua,XU Wenjuan,ZENG Caixia,JIANG Zhenfeng,ZHOU Xiang,CHEN Hong. Research on developmental characteristics of autistic children with different functional levels　[J]. , 2014, 32(4): 326-329.

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