Abstract: 　Objective　To understand the etiology and clinical features of childhood bronchiectasis in China. Methods　Data of 182 children diagnosed with bronchiectasis admitted in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 1991 to May, 2015, and more than 20 cases in the Chinese literatures since 1990 were reviewed. Results　The top three causes of bronchiectasis in 182 children (114 boys, 68 girls, median age： 118 months) in Chongqing were post-infection, primary immunodeficiency and foreign body, with frequency of 29.7%, 7.7%, and 7.1%, respectively. Chronic wet cough was the most frequent feature. Diagnosis of bronchiectasis usually need to combine with chest CT findings, which showed that the lesions were at left lower lobe, right middle lobe and right lower lobe. The choice of antibiotics was based on bacterial cultures of respiratory secretions, and Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacteria in Chongqing. The most common three causes of bronchiectasis in children according to data of 572 cases ( 347 boys, 225 girls) in 7 cities of China including Chongqing were the same with that of Chongqing, 45.5%, 7.3%, and 5.6%, respectively. Conclusion　Early diagnosis, identification of etiology and comprehensive management of bronchiectasis in children are benefitial for prognosis.