目的　探讨不同胎龄早产儿支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的发生率、高危因素及其潮气呼吸肺功能特征。方 法　回顾分析近4年早产儿BPD发生情况，并按照严重程度分为轻、中、重度BPD，比较分析其潮气呼吸肺功能。结果 在8 538例早产儿中发生BPD 355例，发生率为4.16%。其中<28周早产儿为33.91%，28~32周8.85%，32~34周1.63%、 34~37周0.31%。轻度BPD患儿243例、中度51例、重度61例。不同程度BPD患儿的胎龄、出生体质量、住院时间、吸氧 时间、机械通气时间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同程度BPD患儿潮气呼吸肺功能分析中达峰时间比（27.73±9.26、 21.43±5.73、16.15±4.90）、达峰容积比（27.13±5.09、22.30±2.65、18.54±3.76）差异也有统计学意义（P均 <0.01）。 结论　BPD的发生与胎龄相关；BPD患儿有不同程度的潮气呼吸肺功能受损，其程度越重，潮气呼吸肺功能受 限越明显。

　Objective　To explore the incidence, risk factors and tidal breathing pulmonary function of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants with different gestational age. Method　The incidence of BPD in preterm infants in recent 4 years was analyzed retrospectively. Tidal breathing pulmonary function was compared among mild, moderate and severe BPD. Results　In 8538 premature infants, BPD occurred in 355 infants (4.16%). The incidence rates of BPD in preterm infants with different gestational age were 33.91% (<28 weeks), 8.85% (28~32 weeks), 1.63% (32~34 weeks) and 0.31% (34~37 weeks) respectively. There were 243 cases of mild BPD, 51 cases of moderate BPD and 61 cases of severe BPD. There were statistically significant differences in the gestational age, birth weight, hospitalization time, oxygen inhalation time and mechanical ventilation time among children with different severity of BPD (all P<0.05). The peak time ratio (27.73±9.26、21.43±5.73、16.15±4.90), and peak volume ratio (27.13±5.09、22.30±2.65、18.54±3.76) in the analysis of tidal breathing and lung function were also significantly different among children with different severity of BPD (all P<0.01). Conclusion　The incidence of BPD is related to the gestational age. Children with BPD had different degrees of damage in tidal breathing pulmonary function, and the more severe BPD has the more obvious limitation of tidal breathing pulmonary function.