神经母细胞瘤（NB）是儿童期最常见的颅外肿瘤，约50%的患儿在发现时已发生远处转移，并易复发进展而 导致死亡。嵌合抗原受体（CAR）是利用基因工程将能够与肿瘤抗原结合的受体与跨细胞膜的部分和细胞内信号转导的部 分结合起来形成的一种新型受体，它可脱离主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）的限制单独执行杀伤细胞的功能，为NB提供 新的有效治疗手段。文章综述CAR修饰T细胞在NB治疗中的应用进展、遇到的问题和相应的新策略。

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial malignant tumor in childhood. About 50% of the children have widespread metastatic diseases at initial diagnosis and the outcomes are poor. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a kind of genetically engineered receptors usually generated by extracellular antigen recognition region, spacer, transmembrane domain and intracellular endodomain. The antigen recognition region joining heavy and light chain variable regions of a monoclonal antibody with a linker to form a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) which can bind to tumor-associated antigens and lead to anti-tumor activity in an MHC-unrestricted manner. In this review, the recent advances and applications of CAR-T cell in neuroblostoma are reviewed and the application-related problems and possible solving strategies are discussed.