儿童急性T淋巴细胞白血病（T-ALL）预后较急性B淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）差，比B-ALL更易诱导化疗失败、 更易早期复发、复发后难以再次缓解。近年来，T-ALL患儿预后有所改善，国外报道的5年无事件生存率能达到85%，但大 部分仍停留于60%左右。文章综述儿童T-ALL免疫学、分子生物学及细胞遗传学特点及其治疗、预后的研究进展。

　Compared with acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in children, the prognosis of T-ALL in children is poorer. It is easier to induce chemotherapy failure and recur early than B-ALL.If recur,T-ALL is difficult to relieve again. In recent years, the prognosis of children with T-ALL has improved.The 5-year event-free survival rate (EFS) reported by some foreign research centers can reach 85%.But most of the research centers remain at around 60%. Understanding the progress of T-ALL is particularly important for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.The article reviews the progress of T-ALL treatment and prognosis in children,and also reviews the characteristics of T-ALL immunology, molecular biology and cytogenetics.