目的　评价血浆Tau蛋白及抵抗素对宫内感染致早产儿脑损伤的早期预测作用。方法　选择2017年1月至 10月NICU收治的47例早发型败血症早产儿作为感染组，根据头颅MRI将其分为脑损伤组22例、无脑损伤组25例；另选 择12例正常早产儿作为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测三组早产儿生后第1、 3、 7天血浆Tau蛋白及抵抗素水 平。结果　脑损伤组Tau蛋白在第1天明显增高，而后逐渐降低，各时间点均高于无脑损伤组和对照组，差异有统计学意 义（P<0.05）；在不同时间点，无脑损伤组与对照组之间Tau蛋白水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 脑损伤组抵抗素水平 在第1天明显增高，第3天持平，第7天明显降低，各时间点均高于无脑损伤组及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；无 脑损伤组抵抗素在第1天增高，而后逐渐降低，第7天基本恢复正常。结论　生后3天内检测血浆Tau蛋白及抵抗素水平可 能有助于早期预测早产儿宫内感染导致的脑损伤。

Objective　To explore the value of plasma Tau protein and resistin in early prediction of brain injury in premature infants caused by intrauterine infection. Method　A total of 47 premature infants in NICU with early-onset sepsis were selected as infection group from January 2017 to October. According to the cranial MRI, the infection group was further divided into brain injury group (22 cases) and non-brain injury group (25 cases). In addition, 12 normal preterm infants were selected as the control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect plasma Tau protein and resistin levels on the first, third and seventh day after birth in three groups. Results　The Tau protein in the brain injury group increased significantly on the first day, and then gradually decreased, while it was higher than that in the non-brain injury group and the control group at all time points, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). At different time points, there was no difference in the level of Tau protein between the non-brain injury group and the control group (P>0.05). The level of resistin in the brain injury group increased significantly on the first day until the third day, and significantly decreased in the seventh day, and it was higher than that in the non-brain injury group and the control group at all time points, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Resistin increased on the first day, then gradually decreased, and returned to normal on the seventh day in the non-brain injury group. Conclusion　Detection of plasma Tau protein and resistin levels within 3 days after birth may be helpful for early prediction of brain damage in premature infants with intrauterine infection.