目的　观察血浆置换（PE）对儿童非典型溶血尿毒综合征（aHUS）急性期的疗效。方法　回顾分析2014年5 月至2017年5月收治的16例急性期采用PE治疗的aHUS患儿的临床资料。结果　16例aHUS患儿中，男10例、女6例，年 龄1~14岁。PE采用Prismaflex TPE-1000或2000膜式血浆分离器，每次的血浆置换量约40~60mL/kg；每例2~5次。除1 例经过4次PE后放弃治疗外，另15例患儿经治疗1月内病情均好转。结论　PE可以迅速缓解儿童aHUS的病情，可作为 aHUS急性期的重要治疗手段之一。

　Objective　To investigate the effect of plasma exchange (PE) therapy on children with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) in their acute phase. Methods　The clinical data of 16 patients with aHUS treated by PE from May 2014 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　In 16 children (10 males and 6 females) aged from 1 to 14 years old, 16 patients received 2 to 5 times PE respectively and Prisma flex were used with Pirsma TPE1000 or TPE2000 membrane plasma separator. The amount of PE is about 40 ~ 60 mL/kg each time. After treatment, the condition in 15 children's was improved in one month except the one who gave up the treatment after four PE treatments. Conclusions　PE can rapidly relieve the condition of aHUS in children as one of the important treatment methods in acute stage.