目的　分析软式支气管镜术在诊断食管闭锁术后气管食管瘘复发中的价值。方法　回顾分析2017年8月— 2018年12月收治的5例食管闭锁术后气管食管瘘复发患儿的临床资料。结果　5例患儿中，男3例、女2例，就诊年龄2~13 月龄，年龄中位数9月龄。 5例患儿均在软式支气管镜下发现气管末端膜部瘘口，通过结合胃管内注入美兰后蓝色液体自气 管膜部渗出的方法确诊，随后均择期通过手术证实患儿气管膜部气管食管瘘复发，术中、术后无并发症发生。结论　软式 支气管镜在诊断食管闭锁术后气管食管瘘的患者中具有重要意义，尤其在结合美兰胃管内注入的方法，能提高诊断率。

　Objective　To explore the value of flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of recurrence of tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair. Methods　The clinical data of recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair in 5 children from August 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　Among the 5 patients (3 males boys and 2 females), the age at treatment was from 2 to 13 months and the median age was 9 months. All the 5 children were found under flexible bronchoscope to have a fistula at the end of the trachea. Recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula in the trachea membrane were confirmed by blue liquid exuded from the trachea membrane fistula after perfusion of methylene blue by the gastric tube and subsequently surgery. No complications occurred during or after surgery. Conclusion　Flexible bronchoscopy is of great significance in the diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair. Especially when it is in combination with methylene blue perfusion through gastric tube, the diagnosis rate can be improved.