随着围生医学的发展和新生儿重症监护病房的建立，早产儿的出生率和存活率均显著提高，但早产儿各组织 器官发育不成熟，易合并各种早产相关疾病，加之可能存在能量及营养摄入不足等问题，早产儿宫外生长受限发生率高。 宫外生长受限不但与早产儿的生长发育和疾病转归息息相关，还会导致神经系统发育不良、成年期代谢综合征等远期不 良结局。文章综述早产儿宫外生长受限的研究进展。

With the development of perinatal medicine and the establishment of the neonatal intensive care unit, the birth rate and survival rate of premature infants have increased significantly. However, because premature infants are susceptible to various premature related diseases due to their immature tissues and organs, in addition to possible issues such as insufficient energy and nutrition intake, the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction in premature babies is high. Extrauterine growth restriction is not only closely related to the growth and development of premature infants and the outcome of the disease, but also leads to long-term adverse outcomes such as dysplasia of the nervous system and metabolic syndrome in adulthood. This article reviews the research progress of extrauterine growth restriction in premature infants.