手足口病（HFMD）是一种婴幼儿常见的传染性疾病。肠道病毒71型（EV-A 71）是HFMD的主要病原之一， 可导致严重并发症甚至造成死亡。因此，预防EV-A71感染尤为必要。开发EV-A71疫苗是预防、控制EV-A71感染最有效 的方法。正在研发的EV-A 71疫苗主要包括：灭活全病毒疫苗、减毒活疫苗、病毒样颗粒疫苗、重组VP 1蛋白疫苗和合成 多肽疫苗。现就EV-A 71候选疫苗的开发和进展作一综述。

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in infants and young children. Enterovirus 71 (EV-A 71 ) is one of the main pathogens of HFMD, which could cause serious complications and even death. Therefore, it is an urgent need to protect against EV-A 71 infection. Development of EV-A 71 vaccine would be the most effective approach to prevent and control EV-A 71 infection. The EV-A 71 vaccines under development mainly include inactivated vaccines, attenuated live vaccines, virus-like particle vaccines, recombinant epitope vaccines, and synthetic peptide vaccines. This article summarizes the progress and development of the EV-A 71 vaccine.