目的 探讨儿童新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）delta变异株感染的临床特点及其与成人的异同点。方法 回顾性分析扬州市54例确诊SARS-CoV-2 delta变异株感染儿童的临床资料,并与同期确诊的青壮年成人患者比较。结果 儿童组54例,男35例、女19例,平均年龄（8.1±3.4）岁。成人组37例,男23例、女14例,平均年龄（33.4±7.6）岁。与成人组相比,儿童组轻型比例较高,疫苗接种比例较低,出现呼吸系统症状的比例较低,CK-MB较高,CRP和IL-6水平较低,入院时新型冠状病毒特异性抗体IgM及IgG的滴度均较低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者均未予抗生素、糖皮质激素治疗,以中药、体位治疗及对症处理为主,预后均良好,儿童组从起病到临床症状消失时间为4.0（2.0~7.0）d,成人组为7.0（4.2~10.8）d,两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;感染后儿童组的新型冠状病毒特异性抗体IgM、IgG的峰值均低于成人组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 儿童也是SARS-CoV-2 delta变异株的易感人群,感染后以轻型多见,更易发生心肌损伤,疾病恢复较成人更快。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in children and the similarities and differences between children and adults.Methods The clinical data of 54 children infected with SARS-COV-2 delta variant in Yangzhou were retrospectively analyzed and were compared with those of adults who were diagnosed in the same period.Results There were 35 boys and 19 girls in the children group and the mean age was (8.1±3.4) years. In the adult group, there were 37 patients (23 boys and 14 girls), and the mean age was (33.4±7.6) years. Compared with the adult group, the children group had a higher proportion of mild cases, a lower proportion of vaccination, a lower proportion of respiratory symptoms, a higher level of CK-MB, a lower level of CRP and IL-6, and a lower titer of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies on admission, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). No antibiotics or glucocorticoids were given in 2 groups. The patients were mainly treated with traditional Chinese medicine, posture therapy and symptomatic treatment, and the prognosis were good. The time from onset to disappearance of clinical symptoms was 4.0 (2.0-7.0) days in the children group and 7.0 (4.2-10.8) days in the adult group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). The peak values of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in the children group were lower than those in the adult group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions Children are also susceptible to the SARS-COV-2 delta variant, with a higher proportion of mild infection. Furthermore, children are more likely to have myocardial injury and recover faster than adults.