体位性心动过速综合征（POTS）是一组以慢性直立不耐受及直立后心率过度增快为主要特征的临床综合征,在儿童及青少年时期较为常见,可显著影响儿童的生活质量及学习。POTS症状涉及多个系统,并可伴有多种共患疾病,临床表现复杂,在诊断中需详细询问病史,正确解读直立试验结果,谨慎鉴别诊断并全面评估共患病。POTS主要有相对低血容量、高肾上腺素能及血管功能障碍三种核心机制。在治疗POTS患儿时,应以非药物治疗为基础,针对患儿的临床特点及生物标志物水平评估主要发病机制,注意共患疾病的管理,从而进行个体化的综合治疗。

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by chronic orthostatic intolerance and an excessive orthostatic heart rate increment. It is common both in children and adolescents and it can significantly affect children's learning and quality of life. POTS symptoms involve multiple systems and can be associated with multiple comorbidities. Since the clinical manifestations are complex, detailed history taking, correct interpretation of the results of standing test, careful differential diagnosis as well as comprehensive assessment of comorbidities are required when make a diagnosis of POTS for children. The pathogenesis of POTS mainly includes three core mechanisms: central hypovolemia, hyperadrenergic state and vascular dysfunction (partial autonomic neuropathy). In the treatment of POTS children, non-pharmacological therapy should be used as the basis. The main pathogenesis should be evaluated according to the clinical characteristics and certain biomarkers of the children, and attention should be paid to the management of comorbidities, so as to carry out individualized comprehensive treatment.