目的 探讨全血锌水平与轮状病毒胃肠炎（RVGE）病情严重程度及疗效的相关性。方法 选取2018年10月—2020年12月上海市奉贤区中心医院住院及门急诊就诊的RVGE患儿168例作为RV组，根据全血锌水平分为RV缺锌组100例和RV锌正常组168例，两组再根据是否补锌分为RV缺锌治疗组、RV缺锌对照组、RV锌正常治疗组、RV锌正常对照组，另选择同期来院体检的健康儿童124例作为对照组，各组均采用原子吸收光谱仪检测全血锌水平。结果 RV组全血锌水平为（62.8±10.9）μmol/L，低于对照组[（71.3±7.7）μmol/L]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。RVGE患儿轻型组全血锌水平为（66.1±10.6）μmol/L，高于中型组[（61.2±10.9）μmol/L]和重型组[（56.0±5.1）μmol/L]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。RV缺锌组与RV锌正常组之间病情严重度分型、脱水比例、大便次数的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。RV缺锌对照组的病程长于RV缺锌治疗组、RV锌正常治疗组和RV锌正常对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 RVGE患儿血锌水平明显下降，锌缺乏发生率高于健康儿童，血锌水平与RVGE病情严重程度存在相关性，补锌治疗能缩短锌缺乏RVGE患儿的病程。

Objective To study the correlation between blood zinc level and severity of rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis (RVGE) by measuring whole blood zinc level in children with RVGE. Methods One-hundred-and-sixty-eight (168) children with RVGE in Fengxian District Central Hospital of Shanghai from October 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the RV group, and were divided into RV zinc deficiency group and RV normal zinc group, based on their blood zinc levels. The two groups were divided further into RV zinc deficiency treatment group, RV zinc deficiency control group, RV zinc normal treatment group and RV zinc normal control group. There were 124 healthy children who came to the hospital for physical examination in the same period were selected as the healthy control group. The whole blood zinc level of each group was detected by atomic absorption spectrometer. Results The whole blood zinc of RV group (62. 81± 10.92 μmol/L) was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group (71.31±7.74 μmol/L.) The proportion of zinc deficiency in RV group was higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05); The whole blood zinc level in the mild group of children with RVGE was (66.1± 10.6 μmol/L), which was higher than that of the moderate group (61.2±10.9 μmol/L) and the severe group (56.0±5.1 μmol/L), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The differences in severity of disease typing, proportion of dehydration, and number of stools between the RV zinc deficiency group and the RV zinc normal group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The disease course of the RV zinc deficiency control group was longer than that of the RV zinc deficiency treatment group, the RV zinc normal treatment group and the RV zinc normal control group, the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion The level of whole blood zinc in children with RVGE decreased significantly, and the incidence of zinc deficiency was higher than that in healthy children. There was a correlation between the level of zinc and the severity of RVGE. Zinc supplementation was effective in the treatment of zinc deficiency children with RVGE..