肾小球肾炎是儿童最常见的肾小球疾病之一。关于儿童肾小球肾炎的定义、分类（病因、病程、病理）和诊断等临床上仍较为混乱，存在许多疑惑或分歧，特别是病因和病理分类，经常与肾病综合征相混淆。文章就儿童肾小球肾炎的分类进行阐述，特别提出儿童肾小球肾炎的诊断程序应该遵循症状、病程、病因、原发病名、病理和肾功能诊断多个层次，以供临床医师借鉴、讨论。

Glomerulonephritis is one of the most common renal diseases in children. There are still some confusions and doubts on the definition, classification (etiology, course and pathology) and diagnosis of childhood glomerulonephritis, especially the etiology and pathological classification, which are often confused with nephrotic syndrome. In this paper, the classification of childhood glomerulonephritis is expounded, and it is especially suggested that the diagnostic procedure of children glomerulonephritis should follow the symptoms, course of disease, etiology, primary disease, pathology and renal function diagnosis, which can be used for reference and discussion by clinicians.