中国新生儿筛查事业经过四十三年的发展，已经取得了举世瞩目的成就。陈瑞冠教授不仅是中国新生儿筛查领域的开拓者，更是这一学科的创始人。本文将全面回顾中国新生儿筛查的发展历程，包括新生儿筛查病种的扩大及技术创新、相关国家政策的颁布，新生儿筛查取得的巨大成就、以及新生儿筛查对家庭以及社会的影响等。并展望未来的发展方向，以此纪念陈教授的卓越贡献。

After forty-three years of development, China’s newborn screening program has achieved remarkable success. Professor Chen Ruiguan, not only a pioneer in the field of newborn screening in China but also the founder of this discipline. This article comprehensively reviews the development of newborn screening in China, including the expansion of screened diseases and technological innovations, the promulgation of relevant national policies, the significant achievements of newborn screening, and its impact on families and society. It also looks ahead to future directions, commemorating Professor Chen’s outstanding contributions.