临床儿科杂志 >

2024 , Vol. 42 >Issue 7: 606 - 612

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12372/jcp.2024.23e1106

论著

0~3岁早产/低出生体重儿养育问题调查：一项多中心横断面研究

  • 赵风华 ,
  • 张悦 ,
  • 孙瑾 ,
  • 严双琴 ,
  • 吕兰秋 ,
  • 穆立娟 ,
  • 杨静 ,
  • 骆艳 ,
  • 闫冬梅 ,
  • 赵冬梅
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  • 1.中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心（北京 100081）
    2.大连妇幼保健院（辽宁大连 116033）
    3.马鞍山市妇幼保健院（安徽马鞍山 243011）
    4.宁波市妇女儿童医院（浙江宁波 315000）
    5.北京市房山区妇幼保健院（北京 102488）
    6.秦皇岛市妇幼保健院（河北秦皇岛 066001）
    7.贵阳市妇幼保健院（贵州贵阳 550003）
    8.连云港市妇幼保健院（江苏连云港 222000）
    9.山东大学齐鲁儿童医院儿童保健所（山东济南 250022）
* 具有同等贡献

收稿日期: 2023-11-23

  网络出版日期: 2024-07-08

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Child-rearing problems of premature/low birth weight children aged 0 to 3 years: a multicenter cross-sectional study

  • Fenghua ZHAO ,
  • Yue ZHANG ,
  • Jin SUN ,
  • Shuangqin YAN ,
  • Lanqiu LYU ,
  • Lijuan MU ,
  • Jing YANG ,
  • Yan LUO ,
  • Dongmei YAN ,
  • Dongmei ZHAO
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  • 1. National Center for Women and Child Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116033, Liaoning, China
    3. Ma’anshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Province, Ma’anshan 243011, Anhui, China
    4. Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
    5. Fangshan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 102488, China
    6. Qinhuangdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066001, Hebei, China
    7. Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou, China
    8. Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
    9. Qilu Children’s Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China

Received date: 2023-11-23

  Online published: 2024-07-08

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摘要

目的 了解我国城市地区0~3岁早产/低出生体重儿的家庭主要养育问题与需求，为我国儿童健康临床工作者针对性地开展高危儿家庭养育指导提供依据。方法 采用我国14省15个城市的1 989名0~3岁儿童及家长的家庭养育调查资料进行研究，比较分析早产/低出生体重儿家庭与正常儿童家庭面临的养育问题及其影响因素。结果 接受调查的城市地区早产/低出生体重儿151名（7.6%），其中76.8%的早产/低出生体重儿的家长在过去3个月内遇到了≥3个家庭养育问题，高于正常组的66.8%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.44，P=0.011）。早产/低出生体重儿的家庭养育问题主要集中在喂养或进餐（67.6%）、睡眠（66.2%）和行为（61.6%）三方面。多因素logistic回归发现，早产/低出生体重儿是婴幼儿家庭养育问题的风险因素（P<0.05）；早产/低出生体重儿家庭养育问题的发生与儿童性别、儿童年龄、主要照养人、家庭结构等因素有关。结论 早产/低出生体重儿的家长面临养育问题风险普遍较高，且不同年龄阶段存在具体问题差异，有必要及时发现养育风险因素，为该群体提供有针对性的养育照护咨询指导。

关键词： 家庭养育问题; 影响因素; 早产儿; 低出生体重儿

本文引用格式

赵风华 , 张悦 , 孙瑾 , 严双琴 , 吕兰秋 , 穆立娟 , 杨静 , 骆艳 , 闫冬梅 , 赵冬梅 . 0~3岁早产/低出生体重儿养育问题调查：一项多中心横断面研究[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2024 , 42(7) : 606 -612 . DOI: 10.12372/jcp.2024.23e1106

Abstract

Objective To understand the child-rearing problems and needs of premature/low birth weight (LBW) infants aged 0-3 years in urban areas of China, and to provide a basis for our child health clinicians to carry out targeted child-rearing guidance for high-risk infants. Methods Based on the child-rearing survey data of 1989 children aged 0-3 years and their parents from 15 cities in 14 provinces in China, the child-rearing problems faced by families with either premature/LBW infants or normal infants and their influencing factors were compared and analyzed. Results Among the 151 preterm/LBW infants surveyed in urban areas (7.6 %), 76.8 % of the parents of preterm/LBW infants had experienced at least 3 child-rearing problems in the past 3 months, higher than that of the normal group (66.8 %), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.44, P=0.011). The main child-rearing problems of preterm/LBW infants were feeding or eating (67.6 %), sleep (66.2 %) and behavior (61.6 %). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm/LBW infants were risk factors for child-rearing problems in families with infants and young children, and the occurrence of child-rearing problems of premature/LBW infants was related to children's gender, age, main caregivers, family structure and other factors. Conclusions Parents of premature/LBW infants generally have a higher risk of child-rearing problems, and there are specific problems in different age stages, so it is necessary to find child-rearing risk factors in time and provide targeted child-rearing counseling guidance for this group.

Key words： child-rearing problem; influence factor; premature infant; low birth weight infant

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