目的 研究感音神经性听力损失婴幼儿及儿童听性脑干反应（ABR）阈值与行为测听阈值的相关性，并获得短纯音ABR（tb-ABR）与相应频率行为测听的校准因子，为预估行为测听阈值提供临床参考。 方法 选取2014年2月至2022年9月耳鼻咽喉头颈外科确诊为感音神经性听力损失的婴幼儿及儿童作为研究对象，对患儿行短声ABR（click-ABR）及500、1 000 、2 000和4 000 Hz频率的Tb-ABR测试，并在随访中获取其行为测听阈值。分析不同频率声刺激下ABR阈值与行为测听阈值的相关性，比较Tb-ABR阈值与行为测听阈值差异，并建立回归方程及获得校准因子。 结果 纳入感音神经性听力损失患儿61例（118耳），其中男40例（77耳）、女21例（41耳）。完成ABR中位年龄1.9（0.7~3.4）岁，完成行为测听中位年龄3.4（2.0~4.4）岁。click-ABR阈值与2 000 Hz、4 000 Hz行为测听阈值的相关系数分别为0.73和0.74。Tb-ABR阈值与500 Hz、1 000 Hz、2 000 Hz、4 000 Hz行为测听阈值间呈强相关性（r=0.82~0.87，P<0.01）。基于Tb-ABR阈值预估行为测听阈值的线性回归方程如下，500Hz：y=0.87x+2.55，1 000 Hz：y=0.89x+4.29，2 000 Hz：y=0.79x+14.70，4 000 Hz：y=0.99x+0.84。当500、1 000、2 000和4 000 Hz频率下Tb-ABR阈值在50、70和90 dB nHL时，校准因子分别为5、10、10 dB，5、5、10 dB，0、5、5 dB 以及0、0、0 dB。 结论 Tb-ABR阈值与行为测听阈值具有高度相关性，获得的校准因子及回归方程可有效预估行为测听阈值，为感音神经性听力损失婴幼儿及儿童后期助听干预精准调试提供了重要参考。

Objective To investigate the correlation between auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and behavioral hearing thresholds in infants and children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), and to establish calibration factors for tone burst ABR (Tb-ABR) and behavioral thresholds across frequencies, providing clinical reference for predicting behavioral hearing thresholds. Methods From February 2014 to September 2022, children diagnosed with SNHL in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery were enrolled as subjects. Each participant underwent click-ABR and Tb-ABR testing at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Behavioral hearing thresholds were obtained during follow-up visits. Correlation analyses between ABR thresholds and behavioral thresholds were conducted across frequencies. Differences between Tb-ABR and behavioral thresholds were compared, and regression equations along with calibration factors were derived. Results A total of 61 children (118 ears) with SNHL were included, comprising 40 boys (77 ears) and 21 girls (41 ears). The median age at ABR testing was 1.9 (0.7-3.4) years, and the median age at behavioral testing was 3.4 (2.0-4.4) years. Click-ABR thresholds showed correlations of 0.73 and 0.74 with behavioral hearing thresholds at 2000 Hz and 4 000 Hz, respectively. Strong correlations were observed between Tb-ABR thresholds and behavioral thresholds at all tested frequencies (r=0.82~0.87, P<0.01). The linear regression equations for predicting behavioral thresholds based on Tb-ABR thresholds were as follows, 500 Hz: y=0.87x+2.55, 1 000 Hz: y=0.89x+4.29, 2 000 Hz: y=0.79x+14.70, 4 000 Hz: y=0.99x+0.84. When the Tb-ABR threshold is 50, 70 and 90 dB nHL at frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz, the calibration factors are 5, 10, 10 dB, 5, 5, 10 dB, 0, 5, 5 dB and 0, 0, 0 dB, respectively. Conclusions Tb-ABR thresholds are strongly correlated with behavioral hearing thresholds in young children with SNHL. The derived calibration factors and regression equations can effectively predict behavioral hearing thresholds, offering valuable guidance for the accurate fitting of hearing aids in this population.