目的　探讨信号转导与转录活化因子3(STAT3)在儿童难治性癫痫相关性局灶性皮层发育不良(focal cortical dysplasias，FCD)IIIa型中的表达情况。方法　选取26例FCD IIIa型患儿的颞叶皮层组织和5例颅内减压或死亡患儿的颞叶组织，分别通过免疫组化、免疫荧光和蛋白免疫印迹方法，检测并比较脑组织中STAT3、P-STAT3(ser727)的表达水平。结果　P-STAT3(ser727)在FCDIIIa患儿颞叶皮层中表达较对照组增加，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)；两张连续切片分别做P-STAT3(ser727)的DAB显色和GFAP免疫荧光，证实P-STAT3阳性细胞为星形胶质细胞。结论　活化的STAT3可能参与FCDIIIa型的发病机制，并推测可能通过介导星形胶质细胞增生途径实现。

　Objectives　To detect the expression of STAT3 in children with FCD (focal cortical dysplasias) type IIIa. Methods The expression of STAT3 and P-STAT3 (ser727) were determined in temporal lobe specimens from 26 children with FCD type IIIa and from 5 normal control by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot. Results The expression of P-STAT3 (ser727) was obviously higher in FCD type IIIa than in control group. P-STAT3 (ser727) was located mainly in the nucleus of astrocytes. Conclusions Activated STAT3 might contribute to the patholgenesis of FCD type IIIa by mediating proliferation of astrocytes.