目的　研究过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿的肠道菌群变化。方法　提取64例HSP患儿和25例健康儿童粪便标本，采用16S rRNA/DNA荧光定量PCR技术分析并比较粪便标本中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌。结果　HSP患儿粪便中的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌的含量与健康儿童比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。其中伴腹痛、呕吐等消化道症状HSP患儿的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌含量均低于无消化道症状的HSP患儿以及健康儿童，差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论　HSP患儿急性期可能存在肠道菌群结构失调的情况，尤其是伴有消化道症状的HSP患儿。

Objective　To study the intestinal microflora changes in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). Methods　The feces of 64 children with HSP (the experimental group) and 25 healthy children (the control group) were collected. 16S rRNA/DNA fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect bacterial content of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli in feces. Results　The amounts of Lactobacillus , and Bifidobacterium in the HSP group were lower than those of the healthy group, and the amounts of E.coli were higher, but the differences were not statistically significant. The amounts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the HSP children with gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, vomiting, e.g.) were significantly lower than those in HSP children without gastrointestinal symptoms and in the healthy group. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　It suggests that intestinal microflora in children with HSP in acute phase may exist disorders, especially in the HSP children with gastrointestinal symptoms.