目的　探讨肾脏损伤因子1(KIM-1)与过敏性紫癜(HSP)的关系。方法　采用ELISA法检测48例HSP患儿，其中25例非HSP肾炎患儿(HSP组)、23例HSP肾炎患儿(HSPN组)，以及20例健康对照儿童的尿KIM-1水平；并检测尿肌酐、24 h尿蛋白水平，进行分析比较。结果　HSPN组的尿KIM-1/尿肌酐比值较HSP组和对照组增高，差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)；HSP组与对照组的尿KIM-1/尿肌酐比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HSP患儿的尿KIM-1/尿肌酐比值与24h尿蛋白水平无相关性(r=0.239，P=0.590)。结论　尿KIM-1与HSPN的发生有关，KIM-1表达的上调可能是HSP肾损害发生的重要机制之一。

Objective　To study the role of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in pediatric Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). Methods Urinary levels of KIM-1 were examined using ELISA in 48 children with HSP including 23 HSPN children (HSPN group) and 25 non-HSPN children (HSP group), and 20 healthy children. The levels of urinary creatinine and 24-hour urine protein were also detected. The results were analyzed and compared among groups. Results The ratio of urinary KIM-1/creatinine (Cr) in HSPN children was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ratio of urinary KIM-1/Cr between HSP group and the control group (P>0.05). The ratio of urinary KIM-1/Cr had no correlation with 24-hour urine protein in all HSP children (r=0.239, P=0.590). Conclusions Urinary KIM-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of pediatric HSPN.