目的　探讨过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中Th17细胞比例及血清IL-17水平变化的临床意义。方法　选择HSP患儿30例和正常对照儿童20例，应用流式细胞分析法检测外周血Th17细胞的比例，应用ELISA法检测血清IL-17水平，分析和比较HSP患儿和对照儿童的检测结果。结果　HSP患儿PBMCs中Th17细胞比例为(2.14 ±0.90)%，显著高于对照组的(0.84 ± 0.41)%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；HSP患儿血清IL-17水平为(38.36 ± 13.44)pg/ml，高于对照组的(10.59 ± 4.17)pg/ml，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论　HSP患儿PBMC中Th17细胞比例明显增高，提示Th17细胞可能参与了HSP的发病过程。

Objective　To observe the percentage of Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the serum level of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). Methods A total of 30 HSP children and 20 healthy children were selected. The percentage of Th17 cells in PBMCs was measured by flow cytometry analysis and the serum level of IL-17 was measured by ELISA method. The results were compared between HSP children and healthy children. Results The percentage of Th17 cells in PBMCs in HSP and healthy children was (2.14 ± 0.90)% and (0.84 ± 0.41)%, respectively, and the difference was significant between two groups (P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-17 in HSP and healthy children were (38.36 ± 13.44) pg/ml and (10.59 ± 4.17) pg/ml, respectively, and the difference was also significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The percentage of Th17 cells in PBMCs was obviously increased in HSP children. It is suggested that Th17 cells may play a role in the pathology of HSP.