目的　探讨体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO)技术在儿科心肺功能衰竭救治中的应用。方法　回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年10月接受ECMO支持的心肺功能衰竭重症患儿的临床资料。结果　共24例心肺功能衰竭患儿接受ECMO支持，男18例，女6例；年龄1 d~7岁；体质量3~20 kg；共有15例成功脱离ECMO，总撤概率62.5%；存活10例(42.7%)，死亡14例，其中9例因无法撤离ECMO死亡，3例撤离ECMO后死于并发症，2例撤离ECMO家属放弃治疗死亡；11例(45.8%)患儿在ECMO支持期间出现并发症。结论　对于难治性呼吸循环衰竭重症患儿ECMO技术可以提供有效的心肺支持。

Objective　To introduce the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in treatment of pediatric cardiopulmonary failure. Methods The clinical data of pediatric patients with cardiopulmonary failure who received ECMO support from June 2012 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 24 children with cardiopulmonary failure received ECMO support including 18 male and 6 female aged from 1 day to 7 years old with weight between 3-20 kg. There were 15 cases who successfully weaned from ECMO (62.5%) and 10 cases survived and discharged (42.7%). 14 patients died. Among them, 9 patients died of unsuccessful weaning from ECMO, 3 patients died of complications and 2 patients died of giving up treatment after weaning from ECMO. Complications were found in 11 cases (45.8%) during ECMO support. Conclusions ECMO can provide effective support for pediatric patients with refractory cardiopulmonary failure.