目前朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症(LCH)在治疗上采用分型、分级而分治的策略。研究表明，单系统病变(SS-LCH)的预后好，而伴危险器官受累的多系统病变(MS-LCH)及难治性/复发性病例(Re-LCH)预后差。随着化学疗法的进步，伴危险器官受累的MS-LCH 5年生存率已达80%以上，Re-LCH的治疗有效率达60%以上，Re-LCH可行造血干细胞移植以达到根治。

Treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) needs to be tailored for each individual patient according to LCH classification currently. Single-system LCH (SS-LCH) has an excellent prognosis. However, there is a poor prognosis in multisystem LCH (MS-LCH) with risk organs (RO) involvement and refractory or recurrent LCH (Re-LCH). The prognosis of MS-LCH with RO involvement and Re-LCH has been improved markedly accompanying with progress of chemotherapy in recent years. The 5-year survival rate of MS-LCH reached above 80%, and the effective rate of Re-LCH reached above 60% after chemotherapy. Re-LCH can be cured by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.