目的　研究社区获得性肺炎患儿血可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)的变化。方法　纳入社区获得性肺炎患儿176例，其中轻度组98例、重度组78例，30例健康儿童为对照组。测定外周血白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞相对百分数(N%)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原、IL-6、IL-10及sTREM-1。结果　轻度肺炎组和重度肺炎组以及对照组间WBC、N%、CRP、IL-6、IL-10、IL-6/IL-10、PCT和sTREM-1的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；且轻度肺炎组和重度肺炎组上述指标均高于对照组，而重度肺炎组的IL-6/IL-10和sTREM-1更高于轻度肺炎组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；IL-6/IL-10和sTREM-1存在显著正相关性(r=0.42，P<0.01)。结论　检测血sTREM-1可能有助于判断儿童社区获得性肺炎的严重程度和预后。

Objective　To investigate the role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-l (sTREM-1) in children with community acquired pneumonia. Methods　One hundred and seventy-six children with community acquired pneumonia, 98 cases were mild and 78 cases were servere, were recruited. Thirty healthy children were recruited as control group. The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil percentage (N%), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and sTREM-1 were measured. Results　The levels of WBC, N%, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, IL-6/IL-10, PCT, and sTREM-1 were significantly different among children with mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and healthy controls. All of the indicators were elevated in children with mild and severe pneumonia than those in healthy controls (P<0.05). IL-6/IL-10 sTREM-1 were further significantly elevated in children with severe pneumonia than children with mild pneumonia (P<0.05). IL-6/IL-10 was positively correlated with sTREM-1 (r=0.42, P<0.05). Conclusions　sTREM-1 may help for evaluating the severity and outcome of children with community acquired pneumonia.