目的　分析轻度胃肠炎伴婴幼儿良性惊厥（BICE）复发以及转化为癫痫的可能危险因素。方法 将264例BICE患儿按惊厥发生次数分为单次组134例（惊厥1次），多发组130例（惊厥次数≥2次）；按惊厥持续时间分为，短时组186例（惊厥持续时间<5 min），长时组78例（惊厥时间≥5 min），分析其住院及随访资料。结果 多发组有9.23%复发，6.15%转化为癫痫；单次组有2.99%复发，0.75%转化为癫痫，两组间复发及转化为癫痫比例的差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。长时组有12.82%复发，8.97%转化为癫痫；短时组有3.23%复发，1.08%转化为癫痫，两组间复发及转化为癫痫比例的差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。结论　BICE患儿有复发以及转化为癫痫的可能，惊厥次数≥2次，惊厥持续时间≥5 min是BICE患儿复发以及转化为癫痫的可能危险因素。

　Objective 　To analyze the potential risk factors for relapse and development of epilepsy in patients with benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (BICE). Methods　A total of 264 cases of BICE were recruited. According to the frequency of convulsions, the patients were divided into single group (n=134, convulsion once), and multiple group (n=130, convulsions ≥ 2 times). According to convulsion duration, the patients were divided into short-term group (n=186, convulsions duration <5 minutes) , and long-term group (n=78, convulsion duration ≥ 5 minutes). The clinical data obtained during hospitalization and follow-up were analyzed. Results　In multiple group, 9.23% were relapsed and 6.15% developed epilepsy. In single group, 2.99% were relapsed and 0.75% developed epilepsy. There were significantly different in the rate of relapses and development of epilepsy between two groups (P<0.05). In the long-term group, 12.82% were relapsed and 8.97% developed epilepsy. In the short-term group, 3.23% were relapsed and 1.08% developed epilepsy. There were significantly different in the rate of relapses and development of epilepsy between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions　There are the risks of relapse and development of epilepsy in BICE patients. Convulsions ≥ 2 times and ≥ 5 minutes may be the risk factors of relapse and development of epilepsy.