目的　探讨儿童轻微脑炎/脑病伴可逆性胼胝体压部病变谱系（MERS）的临床-影像特点。方法　回顾性分析8例MERS患儿的临床资料。结果　8例MERS患儿临床表现为意识障碍5例，抽搐发作7例；临床症状于1周内恢复；消化道和呼吸道感染是主要的基础疾病；血钠<135 mmol/L者3例；7例患儿影像学诊断为MERSⅠ型，仅累及胼胝体压部，1例诊断MERSⅡ型，累及胼胝体压部及半卵圆中心白质；患儿于6 d至1个月内复查影像学，均恢复正常。结论　MERS表现为急性轻微脑炎/脑病的症状，为临床和影像学预后良好的一种谱系疾病。

Objectives　To investigate the clinico-radiological characteristics of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in children. Methods　The clinical data from 8 children with MERS were retrospectively reviewed. Results　The clinical manifestations of 8 children were 7 cases with serizures, 5 cases with disturbance consciousness. The clinical symptoms disappeared within one week. The underlying diseases were mainly infections in respiratory and digestive tracts. Serum sodium levels <135 mEq/L were observed in 3 cases. According to imaging, 7 children were diagnosed MERS I with lesion only involving the splenium of the corpus callosum, one child was diagnosed MERS II with lesion extended from the splenium of the corpus callosum to the white matter of semi-oval. The lesion had completely disappeared in all children at follow-up MRI exams between 6 days and 1 month after the initial MRI. Conclusion　MERS exhibits acute mild encephalitis/encephalopathy symptoms, which is a clinico-radiological syndrome with good prognosis.