目的　探讨趋化蛋白chemerin在呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)肺炎中的临床意义。方法　入选RSV肺炎患儿82例，其中轻症65例，重症17例；对照组儿童40例。ELISA法检测并比较各组血清chemerin、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、细胞因子(IL-17)、IL-10及转化生长因子(TGF-β)水平。结果　RSV肺炎轻症组、重症组和对照组的血清chemerin水平分别为(539.98±65.86)pg/ml、(786.62±82.59)pg/ml和(337.24±43.37)pg/ml，差异有统计学意义(F=150.29，P=0.000)；重症组血清chemerin水平分别高于轻症组和对照组，轻症组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。三组间TNF-α、IL-17、IL-10和TGF-β水平的差异均有统计学意义(F=46.80~284.36，P均<0.05)。RSV肺炎患儿的血清chemerin水平与TNF-α、IL-17水平均呈显著正相关(r=0.81、0.61，P均<0.05)，而与IL-10、TGF-β则呈显著负相关(r=–0.80、–0.75，P均<0.05)。结论　RSV肺炎患儿血清chemerin水平升高，与炎症程度相关，并与促炎细胞因子水平正相关；chemerin可能在RSV感染中发挥重要的调节作用。

Objective　To study the regulatory role of chemerin in infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia by investigating the level of serum chemerin，pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-17), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10, TGF-β). Methods　The serum level of chemerin，TNF-α，IL-1，IL-10，TGF-β were tested in 82 RSV pneumonia inpatients (17 severe RSV pneumonia cases，65 mild cases) and 40 controls by ELISA and the severity of the RSV pneumonia was evaluated using a scoring system. Results　The serum level of chemerin of RSV pneumonia cases were (610.45±106.63pg/ml) which were significantly higher than the control(337.24±43.37 pg/ml). Chemerin level of severe RSV pneumonia group is significantly higher than mi d cases as well [(786.62±82.59 pg/ml)vs (539.98±65.86 pg/ml)P ＜ 0.01 ]. Significant positive correlations were found between serum chemerin level and TNF-α，IL-17 level (r=0.81，r=0.61；P ＜ 0.01) while the serum level of chemerin is negatively correlated with IL-10, TGF-β (r=-0.80，r=-0.75；P ＜ 0.01). Conclusions　The level of chemerin increased in RSV pneumonia patients，and related to clinical severity after RSV infection. These results indicate that chemerin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RSV pneumonia and to the severity of the infection.