目的　 观察母代高脂饮食对F2 代大鼠的不良代谢影响。方法　3 周龄SD 雌性大鼠随机分为高脂饮食组（F0-HF 组）和对照组（F0-CON 组），至11 周龄时交配怀孕产仔（F1 代），母鼠按原饲养要求喂养至哺乳期结束。F1 代大鼠断乳后均予普通饲料喂养至11 周龄时再次交配产仔（F2-HCC 组和F2-CON 组），两组F2 代大鼠均普通饲料喂养至3 周龄，观察其糖脂代谢相关指标变化。 结果　F2-HCC 组大鼠出生、1 周龄时体质量明显高于对照组大鼠，差异有统计学意义（P 均<0.05）；F2-HCC 组大鼠3 周龄时空腹血糖和糖耐量曲线下面积均高于对照组，血清总胆固醇和肝脏三酰甘油水平均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P 均<0.05）；1 日龄及3 周龄时F2-HCC 组大鼠表现出不同程度的脂肪肝，对照组大鼠肝脏镜下结构均正常。结论　母代高脂饮食可引起F2 代大鼠体质量增加、肝脏脂肪变性及糖耐量受损，后代发生代谢性疾病的危险性增加。

　Objective　To examine the effects of maternal high-fat (HF) diet on the development of metabolic diseases in their offspring. Methods　Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a high fat diet (F0-HF) or control (F0-CON) diet for 8 weeks before mating and throughout gestation and first 3 weeks of lactation. At 11 weeks of age, F1 females were mated to produce the F2 generation (F2-HCC and F2-CON). The metabolic markers and the liver pathology were examined in the F2 generations at 3 weeks of age. Results　The F2-HCC had a significantly higher birth weight and body weight at one week of age than F2-CON (P<0.05，respectively). At 3 weeks of age, the fasting blood glucose level and glucose tolerance area under the curve (AUC) in F2-HCC were significantly higher than those in F2-CON (P<0.05，respectively); the levels of total serum cholesterol and liver triglycerides were significantly higher in F2-HCC than those in group F2-CON (P<0.05，respectively). At birth and 3 weeks of age, the histological examination showed different degrees of fatty liver in F2-HCC, but normal structure in F2-CON. Conclusions　Maternal HF diet may result in increased body weight, fatty liver and impaired glucose tolerance in the F2 offspring.