目的　了解太原地区急性呼吸道感染（ARTIs）儿童人偏肺病毒（hMPV）与人博卡病毒（HBoV）的感染情况及其临床和流行病学特征。方法　采集2012 年11 月—2013 年5 月及2013 年11 月—2014 年5 月就诊的ARTIs 患儿549 例，采集咽拭子标本，应用实时PCR 方法检测hMPV 与HBoV。结果　549 例患儿的咽拭子标本中hMPV 阳性56 例（10.2%），HBoV 阳性15 例（2.7%）。其中2012 年11 月—2013 年5 月hMPV 与HBoV 检出率分别为12.3% 和2.0%，2013 年11 月—2014 年5 月hMPV 与HBoV 检出率分别为6.5% 和4.0%，两时间段hMPV 检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），HBoV 检出率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同月份hMPV、HBoV 检出率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。hMPV 与HBoV 均在<2 岁组中检出率最高。hMPV 在喘息性支气管炎与毛细支气管炎患儿中检出率最高。结论　太原地区 hMPV 和HBoV 与部分儿童尤其是婴幼儿ARTIs 有关，hMPV 是诱发部分婴幼儿喘息性疾病的重要病原体之一。

Objective　 To investigate the status and clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) infections in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in Taiyuan. Methods　A total of 549 children with ARTIs from November 2012 to May 2013 and November 2013 to May 2014 were recruited. The pharyngeal swab specimens were collected. The hMPV and HBoV were detected by using real-time PCR. Results　In 549 children, 56 children (10.2%) were hMPV positive on swab specimens, 15 children (2.7%) were HBoV positive on swab specimens. The detection rates of hMPV and HBoV in November 2012 to May 2013 were 12.3% and 2.0%, respectively, and in November 2013 to May 2014 were 6.5% and 4.0%, respectively. The detection rate of hMPV was significantly different between two periods (P<0.05), while the detection rate of HBoV has no significant difference between two periods. In different months, the detection rate of hMPV and HBoV showed no significant difference. The highest detection rates of hMPV and HBoV were all in children younger than two years old. The highest detection rate of hMPV was in children with asthmatic bronchitis or bronchiolitis. Conclusion　In Taiyuan, during the monitoring periods, the ARITS are associated with childhood hMPV and HBoV infection especially in infants and toddlers. hMPV is one of the most important pathogens in infants and toddlers with wheezing.