儿童遗传性肿瘤易感综合征是由于肿瘤相关基因的种系突变所导致的一类遗传性疾病，患者具有明显的肿瘤易感倾向。TP53基因的种系突变占到所有遗传性肿瘤的20%~30%，是最常见的肿瘤突变基因。通过对TP53基因的检测，可以帮助临床医师更好的对遗传性肿瘤患者及家庭成员进行管理。

Pediatric inherited cancer predisposition syndromes are a group of diseases caused by germ-line mutation of cancer related genes. The patients are susceptible to cancers. TP53 germ-line mutation is the most commonly seen mutant gene in cancers that accounts for 20%-30% of all germ-line mutations of inherited cancers. TP53 gene mutation screening could help clinicians to better manage the patients and their family members.