儿科患者经常需要静脉输注维持液，目前常用的维持液张力有1/5张、1/2张和等张，其中1/5张甚至无张力 的维持液仍然经常被使用。近年来，大量严格设计的高质量随机对照试验和荟萃分析证实，与传统的低张力维持液相比较， 1/2张或等张的维持液能有效减少急性低钠血症的发生，同时不会导致高钠血症、高氯血症等不良反应，多个国家指南也 推荐将1/2张和等张液体作为标准的维持液体使用。文章综述儿科静脉维持液使用的现状及近年来的研究进展。

Pediatric patients usually require intravenous infusion maintenance fluid. Currently, maintenance fluid with 1/5 tension, 1/2 tension, and isotonic contraction were commonly used and fluid with 1/5 tension and even with no tension is still commonly used. In recent years, a large number of high quality randomized controlled trials and meta analyses showed that compared with the traditional low tension maintenance fluid, 1/2 tension or isotonic maintenance fluid can effectively reduce the incidence of acute hyponatremia and the adverse reactions such as hypernatremia while hypernatremia were not caused. A number of national guidelines also recommend the use of 1/2 tension or isotonic contraction as a standard for maintaining liquid. In this paper, the present status and recent progress in the use of intravenous maintenance fluid in pediatric patients were reviewed.