肠神经元性发育不良是导致儿童慢性便秘的常见疾病，属于先天性巨结肠同源病的一种。近年来，肠神经元性发育不良的诊断方法不断发展，但目前尚无统一的诊断标准。肠神经元性发育不良的治疗方式包括保守治疗及手术治疗，手术治疗时应保存肛管的完整性。另外，应用肠神经干细胞移植以及小肠移植治疗肠神经元性发育不良也日益成为关注的热点。文章就目前IND的病因、诊断及其治疗的最新进展进行了综述。

Intestinal neuronal dysplasia is a common disease of chronic constipation in children, which is one of the Hirschsprung disease allied disorders. In recent years, the diagnostic methods of intestinal neuronal dysplasia have been improved, but diagnostic criteria are not standardized yet. The treatments include conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Special attention should be paid to save the integrity of the anal canal during operation. Moreover, using intestinal transplantation of neural stem cells and small intestinal transplantation to treat intestinal neuronal dysplasia has gained increasing attention.