目的　探讨儿童嗜酸细胞性膀胱炎的临床、病理特点及诊断和治疗。方法　回顾分析2012年至2016年收治 的7例嗜酸细胞性膀胱炎患儿的临床资料，并复习相关文献。结果　7例患儿的中位年龄为9岁，临床表现为尿急、尿频、 尿痛、血尿、下腹痛、夜间遗尿等。超声和CT检查示膀胱壁增厚和占位性病变。 7例患儿通过膀胱活组织检查均符合嗜酸 细胞性膀胱炎； 6例患儿经药物治疗后在2个月内痊愈，另1例反复药物治疗1年痊愈。随访3个月~4年，排尿异常症状消失， 影像学检查膀胱异常变化消失。结论　儿童嗜酸细胞性膀胱炎为良性病变，与膀胱肿瘤的临床表现极为相似，确诊靠组织 活检外，也可根据临床表现、实验室检查及治疗效果；治疗以激素、抗组胺、抗炎药物为主。

Objective　To explore the clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic cystitis in children. Method　The clinical data of 7 patients with eosinophilic cystitis admitted from 2012 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and the related literature were reviewed. Results　The median age of the 7 patients was 9 years, and clinical manifestations were urgent urination, frequent micturition, odynuria, hematuria, abdominal pain and nocturnal enuresis. Ultrasonography and CT examination showed thickened bladder wall and space occupying lesions. All the 7 children received bladder biopsy, and pathology was consistent with eosinophilic cystitis. Six of them were cured after 2 months of drug therapy, and the other one was cured by repeated drug treatment for 1 year. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 4 years until the abnormal symptoms of voiding disappeared and the abnormal changes of bladder disappeared by imaging examination. Conclusion　Eosinophilic cystitis in children is a benign lesion, having extremely similar clinical manifestations to bladder tumor. Without biopsy, the diagnosis of eosinophilic cystitis can also be made according to the clinical manifestation, laboratory examination and treatment effect. The treatment for this disease mainly includes hormone, antihistamine and anti-inflammatory drugs.