Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children. Methods The clinical data of children who received allo-HSCT in the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wuhan Children's Hospital from August 2016 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Serum creatinine level (Cr) and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) before and 100 days after transplantation were compared, and survival rate 1 year after transplantation was analyzed. The risk factors of AKI were analyzed by logistic regression. Results A total of 147 children ( 85 boys and 62 girls) with allo-HSCT were included in the study, with a median age of 5 . 5 years ( 0 . 7 months to 16 years) at the time of transplantation. AKI occurred in 101 patients ( 68 . 7 %) with a median time of 24 . 0 (- 5 . 0 - 91 . 0 ) days after transplantation. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) were independent risk factors for AKI after transplantation (Prate was ( 95 . 70 ±2 . 97 ) % in the non-AKI group and ( 84 . 00 ±3 . 86 ) % in the AKI group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0 . 05 ). Conclusions AKI is common in children with allo-HSCT, and aGVHD and SOS were the risk factors for AKI. AKI was associated with 1-year OS.

Key words: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; acute kidney injury; child