Abstract: Objective　To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of congenital leukemia. Method　The clinical data of congenital leukemia in 14 children admitted from September 2012 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　In 14 patients (8 boys and 6 girls), the age at the onset was within 1 week after birth in 9 patients. The main clinical manifestations were skin bleeding spots (4 cases), umbilical bleeding (1 case), skin rash (3 cases), jaundice (5 cases), shortness of breath (4 cases), diarrhea (1 case) and fever (1 case). Ten patients had hepatosplenomegaly and 7 were diagnosed with trisomy 21 syndrome. Leukocyte count in peripheral blood increased significantly in 14 children, anemia in 6 cases and thrombocytopenia in 6 cases. Bone marrow examination and blood smears of the children showed immature cells, most of which were acute myeloid leukemia. None of the 14 patients chose to have chemotherapy. Seven patients were lost to follow-up. Five patients died within a short time and the survival time was less than 1 month. Two children with trisomy 21 syndrome were currently in spontaneous remission. Conclusion　Congenital leukemia develops rapidly, but it may also spontaneously alleviate.

Key words: 　congenital leukemia;　clinical characteristics;　neonate